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expected problems, for example on road maintenance.
Land management includes indicators such as land tenure and allocation.
Is the land owned by local people?
Is there a long term soil maintenance program? Are there any health issues due to toxic
compounds in fertilisers or herbicides?
How is harvesting and planting managed? These questions are crop related and depend
again on the local situation.
For example in Brazil, sugar cane plantations can be owned by individual farmers or by sugar
cane mills.
When we focus on conversion we can again ask similar questions on job availability and
education. And on acceptability of the technology used. You see that for different categories
the same questions can be asked.
For a business case all aspects of economic, environmental and social sustainability matter.
They need to be integrated and weighed for their relative importance.
That is not easy and also involves normative questions, such as questions on fair trade and
social well being, which may be viewed different in different cultures.
As mentioned before, several initiatives have led to standards for sustainable development.
In these standards principles for sustainable development have been translated into
guidelines for practices.
Companies can apply for an audit by independent organisations to get approval (or a
certificate) for their sustainability management.
For biobased production, the Round Table for Sustainable Biomaterials have developed a set
of 12 principles on environmental and social sustainability and have provided guidelines for
companies on how to comply to these principles.
This reference will give you more information.
Companies are now increasingly adopting sustainability programs. Corporate social
responsibility describes which standards are used, how the business operates in total and
they report and monitor.
The focus is than often on all the activities of the company.
Companies can decide what they implement and how they target for better performance.
This is an example from coca cola.
As we have seen sustainability is quite an important aspect of business development and is
often also stimulated by external stakeholders, such as governments, consumers and NGOs.
Social sustainability is getting more and more attention, but is still very much under
development.
It involves normative questions, which can lead to different preferences by different
cultures. In the next unit we will discuss the trends and some of the issues in global
sustainable development.
Join us in the next unit! [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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